Health Care The National Health Service - 965 Words

No: 160380648 page 1 of 4 All the time, health care is essential to our life and we need to depend on it in order to getting a better health. Health care in England is mainly provided by England s public health service, the National Health Service, that provides health care to all permanent residents of the United Kingdom that is free at the point of use and paid for from general taxation.[1]The National Health Service which is publicly funded health system in England plays an important role. According to some researches, the largest and oldest single-payer health care system named the National Health Service (NHS). It was founded by the United Kingdom Labour government in1948. Everyone could get many benefits from it. Their charge are often free to vulnerable or low income groups, or often cheaper than equivalent services provided by a private health care provider. The NHS was funded by national health. The fund of the NHS is main from general taxation and insurance payment. In recently, the population sharply increasing in UK, which led to the organization have not enough money to offer some services for everyone. And Within this total,‘health tourism’, where people come to the United Kingdom with the express intent of using health services to which they were not entitled, was estimated to cost between  £60 million and  £80 million per year. This compares to the annual NHS budget of  £113Show MoreRelatedNhs ( National Health Trust )1579 Words   |  7 PagesNHS (National Health Trust) July the 5th 1948 – The NHS is born. When health secretary Aneurin Bevan launched the NHS at park Hospital in Manchester today known as Trafford General Hospital, It is the climax of a hugely ambitious plan to good health to all. For the first, hospitals, doctor, nurses, pharmacists, opticians and dentists we brought together under one umbrella organisation to provide services that are free for all at the point of delivery. VISION Everyone has greater control of theirRead MoreThe National Language For England Essay1153 Words   |  5 Pagesside of Europe, is a country which is a part of United Kingdom, shares its borders with Scotland (to south) and Wales (to west). It comprises most of southern island of Great Britain. It is separated by Europe by English Channel and North Sea. The national language for England is English and has a fascinating blend of ethnic groups and international cultures. It has a land area of 130,279 km2 (50,301 sq mi) with total population of 54,786,300 (2015 estimate). In fact England alone makes up for 80%Read MoreNhs ( National Health Service )1747 Words   |  7 Pages NHS (National Health Service) July the 5th 1948 – The NHS is born. When health secretary Aneurin Bevan launched the NHS at park Hospital in Manchester today known as Trafford General Hospital, It is the climax of a hugely ambitious plan to good health to all. For the first, hospitals, doctor, nurses, pharmacists, opticians and dentists we brought together under one umbrella organisation to provide services that are free for all at the point of delivery. VISION Everyone has greater control of theirRead MorePublic Health Services For Nhs England1445 Words   |  6 PagesRehabilition services are there for many people suffering from mental health issues, drug or alcohol abuse or even for servicemen and women who have been injured in the armed forces. Public health services commissioned not only by the CCGs but also by PHE whom also works closely with NHS England and the department of health to be provided. These services should aim to provide efficient healthcare to people living within UK. Primary care is what patients mainly look out for when they are in needRead MoreDentistry as a profession over the years has evolved rapidly in light of new scientific evidence.1400 Words   |  6 Pagesrapidly in light of new scientific evidence. Rapidly evolving science and technology have implemented changes within dentistry as evidenced by new standards and guidelines being produced by nationally recognised associations including National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), Faculty of General Dental Practice (FGDP) and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) in Scotland, in provision of new scientific evidence. The latest standards and guidelines produced, endorseRead MoreHealthcare Systems Vs. Australian Healthcare System1471 Words   |  6 Pageshealthcare systems in two different countries, these systems are the Australian healthcare system which is Medicare, and England’s National health system which is known as the NHS. Starting with the organizational structure of the NHS, it is basically an umbrella organization that comprises of four regional branches, in particular, NHS (England), NHS Scotland, Health and Social Care in Northern Ireland and NHS Wales. The financing for all these institutions comes from a universal source, particularly theRead MoreCritical Assessment On The Policies And Models Of Clinical1116 Words   |  5 Pagesgovernance became important in health care after the Bristol heart scandal 1995 and it is a systemic approach to maintaining and improving the quality of patient care within a health system. Clinical governance is mainly defined as ‘‘A frame work through which NHS organisations are accountable for continually improving the quality of their services and safeguarding high standards of care by creating an environment in which excellence in clinical care will flourish.’’ As per the ScallyRead MoreNational Health System ( Nhs ) Essay1368 Words   |  6 PagesNational Health System (NHS) England (1800words) The National Health System began in 1948 with the aim to provide free health care for the English thus removing health access inequities. This essay considers two strengths of the NHS, being free health and locally responsive health care and two weaknesses being the financial burden and unprecedented pressure on health care resources. One of the strengths of the NHS England is residents receive free fully funded medical care that includes all medicalRead MoreImportance Of Association For Mental Health1313 Words   |  6 PagesAssociation for Mental Health (now MIND) was formed to campaign for better provision for the mentally disabled. The National Assistance (NA) Act, 1946, implemented 1948, abolished the Poor Law/Public Assistance and established the National Assistance Board (NAB), which took over its institutions and responsibility for means-tested benefits. However, all hospitals were absorbed into the National Health Service, also established 1948. Older and disabled people were divided into the ‘sick’, who wereRead MoreHow External Environment Effect The Nhs1552 Words   |  7 Pagesmarket can impact (NHS) the National Health Service in the uk for the next five years. The (NHS) the National Health Service in uk was launched in 1948. (History of the NHS time line 2014). The idea was that good health care should be available to all regardless of wealth. According to (LabourList, 2013) today the NHS is 69 and one fact above all others amazes its critics on the Right: it remains the only health system in the G8 providing decent, comprehensive health cover to a whole population

A Presentation On The Health Care System - 2757 Words

This presentation provides an overview of healthcare, and also health insurance to give an understanding of what the basis of this PowerPoint will show . I also use this presentation as an opportunity to incorporate key factors in the decreasing costs of healthcare. Additionally, I provide the audience with two main care plans, which are traditional and managed care plans. Discussion topics will include: 1. Brief discussion of the traditional healthcare systems. 2. Brief discussion of the managed care systems. 3. Discuss which system is more appropriate. 4. Describe and discuss managed health care benefits. 5. Discuss the key elements of choosing managed health care. It is key to communicate during this presentation that, â€Å"serious challenges are associated with attempting to describe the types of organizations in a ï ¬ eld as dynamic as managed care. The health care system in the United States has been continually evolving and change is the only constant. Nevertheless, distinctions remain between different managed care organizations (MCOs), though many of those distinctions are rooted in the historic classiï ¬ cations that separated different forms of managed care, particularly during its time of rapid growth. Despite the continual blurring of types of health care plans, it is useful to understand the different types of organization even though the pure form may only rarely be observed. It also is worth noting that research doneShow MoreRelatedPreparing Organizations for Strategic Change885 Words   |  4 Pagesfor you to identify how a health care process might be updated, streamlined, or implemented in a health care organization. Select and complete one of the following assignments: Option 1: Microsoft ® PowerPoint ® Presentation Option 2: Brochure Option 3: Video Presentation Option 1: Microsoft ® PowerPoint ® Presentation Use the organization, process, and audience you selected in Week Two from the following lists to complete this assignment option: †¢ Health care processes to be updatedRead MoreThe Role Of Nurses During The Healthcare System862 Words   |  4 Pagestransformation of the health care system and they always take initiations to keep up with the changes made by the government and the organization for the provision of quality care to the patients. In order to keep up with the changings, nurses are acquiring higher education and fulfilling the demands of the reformed health care. Nurses are performing different roles in the betterment of the reformed health care as mentioned in the PPACA, the renewed role of nurses especially the APRNs providing care in wellnessRead MoreReflection Paper On The United States Health Care System1425 Words   |  6 Pagesmonth period such as education system in the USA, learning and teaching culture in GVSU, last but not least United States health care system. Before enrolling for this course, I thought I would assimilate what makes USA healthcare system one of the best in the worl d. To my surprise, I learn more about why it is struggling in some aspects and how can we improve. Both India and USA attempting to fortify their health care system and approaching towards universal health coverage plan. Working as a medicalRead MoreThe Admendations Of Adolescent Health1451 Words   |  6 Pagespreventing disease and injury, improving health and enhancing quality of life of the adolescent, reports were similar. The objective goals from 2020 and 2003 were both geared towards supporting the same concept that promoted a healthcare system that would improve adolescent health services; workforce preparation; and access to health services.The report issues a set of recommendations for improving adolescent health services in primary, public, private healthcare systems, which are vital to high-qualityRead MoreHcs 533 Study Education on Your Terms/Hcs533Study.Com Essay866 Words   |  4 PagesAnswer) FOR MORE CLASSES VISIT www.hcs533study.com This Tutorial contains 2 Answers for each Question HCS 533 Week 1 Definition Worksheet Definition of Terms The health care environment is constantly changing, new systems arise every day with terminology of their own to reflect the changes. As a health care professional, it is important for you to stay up-to-date with the terminology and its proper use. Define each term in the table below. There’s only one definition for each terminologyRead MoreSimilarities Between Video 5 And Video 7 Essay1712 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many similarities and differences within the health care system, specifically when it comes to Electronic Health Records (EHR) and its privacy. According to the Centers for Medicare Medicaid Services, â€Å"an Electronic Health Record is an electronic version of a patient s medical history, that is maintained by the provider over time, and may include all of the key administrative clinical data relevant to that person s care under a particular provider, including demographics, progress notesRead MoreManaging Quality in Partnership Working with Service Users Essay1205 Words   |  5 PagesGraduate Diploma in Health and Social Care – Level 5 Module G: Managing Quality in Partnership Working The learner will: 1 Understand differing perspectives of quality and partnership working in relation to health and social care services Partnership: empowerment; independence; autonomy; power; informed choice; staff and organisation groups eg statutory, voluntary, private, independent, charitable; service users Quality: audit; quality control; role of agencies eg Care Quality CommissionRead MoreWorld At Work Re Certification1256 Words   |  6 PagesWorld at Work Re-Certification Projects – 2 per year – 1 credit each 2013 Change in Health Care Benefit Providers – 11/3/2013 – The division had historically provided the same benefits as a sister company. These benefits were perceived to be more generous than those offered by the parent company. A week before open enrollment was to occur the large local health care network announced negotiations with our medical provider were not on track and they most likely would not be in-network providersRead MoreClinical Experience And Knowledge Of Pediatric Dentistry Essay1125 Words   |  5 Pagesevidence based dental care of children including children who have complex medical conditions, Intellectual and Neurodevelopmental disabilities ACADEMIC/ PROFESSIONAL STRENGHTS †¢ Clinical experience and knowledge of pediatric dentistry in hospital setting †¢ Clinical practice of evidence based pediatric dentistry over eight years †¢ Academic positions at Harvard University, University of Rochester, and University of Detroit Mercy †¢ Research and teaching on dentistry as Public Health and LEND Fellow WORKRead MoreDbm 381 Week 1 Individual986 Words   |  4 Pagestypes of database systems that are available and how health care facilities utilize these different types of databases is the topic of this report. Giving more detail on the different types of architecture of databases and data structure will follow. Defining Health Care Database Systems A computerized clinical database consists of clinical data for storing, retrieving, analyzing, and reporting of information (McCartney,  2012). The data in these databases help in managing care plans, research

Home Or An Assisted Living Program - 795 Words

For many people, the idea of living in a retirement home or an assisted living program is an affront to their dignity and independence. The majority of the aging population would prefer to stay in their own homes, and live out their days surrounded by their own belongings in a comfortable environment. For many seniors, staying in their own home, or â€Å"aging in place† is more possible now than ever. With a little pre-planning, more people can live independently even when some assistance is needed. Physical Modifications to the Home Mobility and safety are the two key concerns when considering whether an older person should stay in his or her home. Often, simple changes can be made to make sure that a person can easily access important areas of the home. For example, some older people may have difficulty with stairs. If a house has two stories, handrails can be installed which make stairs easier to navigate. If climbing stairs is impossible, motorized ramps can carry a person between floors. If a ramp or carrying system is too expensive, rooms on the first floor may need to be converted into a bedroom and bathroom. In the bathroom, simple modifications like handrails and grab bars in the showers can prevent falls and other accidents. Some older adults may benefit from a seat in the shower, so that they do not have to stand for prolonged periods. Additionally, installing shower heads which are lower to the floor and extend can be useful for adults who need to remain seatedShow MoreRelatedAssisted Living Care1606 Words   |  7 Pagesauthor of the article, Medicaid Funding for Assisted Living Care: A Five-State Examination, is Eric Carlson. Carlson is the directing attorney under the National Senior Citizens Law Center (NSCLC). He graduated summa cum luade from the University of Minnesota, and obtained his law degree from Boalt Hall School of Law at the University of California Berkeley. Most of his career has been spent advocating for older adults in nursing homes and assisted living facilities. Carlson is very knowledgeable onRead MoreAssisted Living Research Paper1165 Words   |  5 PagesTh e Topic of my research paper is How to Start Your Own Assisted Living Business. I choose this topic because I have some experience in the health care field. I am a certified Medical Assistant and I wanted to take my education to the next level. The Health care job market is on high demand and is one of today’s most dynamic fields with a wide range of opportunities. I came to realize that the older you get in this country options for housing, health and personal care services become limited. Read MoreSeaView Rehab and Long-Term Care Facility: Residential Care Facility for Treating Mental Illness1435 Words   |  6 Pagesof the mini business plan set out in this study is to develop a proposal for a new-patient focused service or program. is the provision to students of the experience of development of a proposal for a new-patient-focused service or program. Business planning criteria includes the representation of a new service and/or program. This may be such as an inpatient, outpatient, ambulatory or home-based setting. This service may be situated within a hospital, healthcare facility, or healthcare agency or mayRead MoreSacramento Assisted Living Facilities Essay825 Words   |  4 PagesSacramento Assisted Living Facilities Sacramento assisted living facilities are designed to assist elderly persons who are able to care for themselves except for a few activities. Sacramento assisted living facilities are often deemed necessary when the person in question needs help preparing meals, bathing, dressing, performing household chores, is sometimes confused, or is experiencing memory problems. Sacramento assisted living facilities are not an alternative to a nursing home in SacramentoRead MoreEffects Of Welfare On The American City By Matthew Desmond1009 Words   |  5 PagesAfrican-American poor single parent with children face a high risk of eviction. The poor living is something that no one will like to leave, but the conditions of your environment make it so. Poor living leads you into places you would not like to go and keep you in places you do not want. According to Social Science and Medicine Journal titled Health-related Effects of Welfare-to-Work Policies, Welfare to work program is a program that is established to help the poor and needy get out of poor leaving circumstancesRead MoreA Request For Assistant Living ( Adult Nursing Homes1682 Words   |  7 PagesI’m placing a request for Assistant Living (Adult Nursing Homes) in royal areas of Columbia, South Carolina. Quality of care nursing home provides help on a continuous bases, most patients that are seriously ill prefer home strucThey’re several type of healthcare facility such as; Independent Living Communities, Assisted Living Facilities, Residential Care Facilities and Continuing Care Communities. As a medical organization we strive ture facility. The nursing home will provide care for elderly patientRead MoreThe Global Epidemic Of Elder Abuse Essay1743 Words   |  7 Pagessuggests that one in 10 older adults experiences some form of elder abuse, but only one in 25 cases is reported to social services agencies† (Dong, 2012, p. 2151). Elder mistreatment can occur in a variety of settings including domestic and assisted living. Elder abuse includes psychological, physical, and sexual abuse; neglect to include both caregiver and self-neglect; and financial exploitation. With the vast explosion of the aging population in today’s society elder abuse can no longer loomRead MoreCaregiving For Older Adults1632 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"In fact, nearly 66 m illion people in the United States currently provide care, assistance and support for a family member who is elderly or who is living with a disability† (CICOA). There are also individuals who provide care and assistance for infants, children and household pets. There are formal and informal caregivers, a formal or family caregiver is defined as, â€Å"an individual, age 18 or older who provides unpaid care to family member or friend who need assistance with everyday activities† whileRead MoreLiving Policy And Literature : Aging939 Words   |  4 Pages Question 1 Aging in place is a concept that is frequently referred to in assisted living policy and literature. Aging in place is define as â€Å"enabling older adults to remain in their current or preferred environment, with necessary adaptations and support services, to the end of their lives (Singh, 2016). Facilities accommodating residents under this concept are: Continuing Care Retirement Communities (CCRCs) mostly owned andRead MoreThe Benefits Of Animal Assisted Therapy Within The Geriatric Community1033 Words   |  5 PagesThe Benefits of Animal Assisted Therapy within the Geriatric Community Although the psychological benefits of being around companion animals seem obvious to those of us who share their company daily, many studies have been done to prove the physical benefits of sharing the company of animals as well. Numerous studies have proven that interaction with animals can lower blood pressure, reduce cholesterol, and relieve depression and loneliness. The therapeutic benefits of pets may be even greater

Symptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia - 1267 Words

In the United States, in 2012, approximately 1% or 2.4 million people were diagnosed with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, and disabling brain disorder in which symptoms usually develop in men in their late teens or early twenties, and women in their early twenties and thirties (Anderson, 2014). It is a psychotic disorder characterized by loss of contact with the environment, by a noticeable deterioration in the level of functioning in everyday life, and by a disintegration of personality expressed as disorder of feeling, thought, perception, and behavior (p. 580). Clinicians classify schizophrenia as positive, negative, or cognitive. Positive symptoms include hallucinations, which may include auditory, visual, olfactory, gustatory, or tactile hallucinations. Delusions or false beliefs are also positive symptoms, as is disorganized thinking and movement disorders. Negative symptoms include flat affect, ahedonia, or apathy. Cognitive symptoms include a decreased ability to understand information, and using that information to make decisions (Herzog Varcarolis, 2011). Men with schizophrenia do not outwardly express their emotions, when compared to women with schizophrenia. This can result in a decrease of self-value, social interaction, and life satisfaction. Understanding ones emotions can create a healthier lifestyle, with a more functional outcome (Mote, Stuart, Kring, 2014). Individuals with schizophrenia are frequently victimized than otherShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1176 Words   |  5 Pages Symptoms The symptoms of schizophrenia are wide and varied, typically falling into three main categories, positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and cognitive symptoms. Each of these symptom types affect the patient in different ways, and in different degrees of severity. The symptoms may range from mildly irritating, to severe and debilitating. Positive symptoms are behaviors not normally seen in healthy people. Negative symptoms are behaviors that are usually exhibited in healthy people but areRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1671 Words   |  7 Pages Schizophrenia is defined many ways, but each definition of this disorder is correct. No two individuals will have the exact same symptoms of schizophrenia. The word schizophrenia comes from the Greek words that mean â€Å"split mind†. This disorder can lead to many other problems throughout a person’s lifetime. There are many different symptoms that can help with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, but each of the sym ptoms can also be contributed to other disorders. The symptoms of schizophrenia appearRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia904 Words   |  4 Pagessigns symptoms observed. Some of the disorders are caused by different factors and reveal divergent signs and symptoms which are depended on the field of the body infected. This paper purposes at critically evaluating and analyzing psychological disorder referred to as schizophrenia by demonstrating its symptoms and their occurrences. It will discuss the causes of this type of psychological disorder and possible diagnostic together treatments mechanisms of this kind of disease. Schizophrenia is aRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1077 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Schizophrenias is a serious mental illness characterized by incoherent or illogical thoughts, bizarre behavior and speech, and delusions or hallucinations, such as hearing voices (APA,2015). I choose to touch on the topic of schizophrenia because I always been interested the topic itself. The one thing I wondered is if there are different stages of schizophrenia and why it may be hard to diagnose. Schizophrenia is a mental disease that’s very hard to pinpoint in a person, whichRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1210 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Schizophrenia Symptoms. Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder which is characterized by an inability to distinguish what is real and subsequent abnormal behavior. Literally translating from the Greek skhizein and phrÄ“n meaning ‘split-mind’, schizophrenia is characterized by both positive symptoms, e.g. hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking, and also negative symptoms, e.g. apathy, Anhedonia, and deficits in executive functioning. The Diagnostic and StatisticalRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1153 Words   |  5 Pages 1 / 3 Cindy Tien 3-18-15 Per.6 Schizophrenia What is Schizophrenia? Can you imagine living day by day having to hear and see things that nobody else could? You feel alone, lost and different amongst other normal people. Believe it or not, approximately twenty five million people in America have been impacted by this disease called schizophrenia. What is schizophrenia? Schizophrenia is mental disorder distinguished by disturbances within thought patterns, attention, and emotions. UnfortunatelyRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia Essay858 Words   |  4 PagesSchizophrenia Over 2 million Americans suffer with schizophrenia each day. A vast majority of people diagnosed with schizophrenia suffer from hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, and disorganized speech. Hallucinations are sensory experiences in the absence of external stimulation; therefore, people with schizophrenia may see people or things that are not really there and may even hold conversions or have relationships with these â€Å"people†. Delusions are false beliefs about reality. Someone withRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1569 Words   |  7 Pagesmental health professionals, Jaime was confirmed to have paranoid schizophrenia. Jaime was immediately put on antipsychotic medication, and after about 3 months of taking that medication, he started attending psychological treatment. He has been continuing with both procedures for about a year. Today, his medication dose has lowered and he has shown much improvement compared to when he first was diagnosed. Introduction Positive symptoms are behaviors that aren t seen in healthy people, people whoRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1049 Words   |  5 Pages The Effects of Schizophrenia Madison M. Sulak Dr. Linstrum PSYCH 2301 East Texas Baptist University Fall 2015 Pg. 1 A brain disorder can be triggered by multiple different things such as a stroke, abnormal growths, any type of viral infection, or cancer. There are countless types of brain disorders that people are diagnosed with daily. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, â€Å"Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, and disabling brain disorder that has affected peopleRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1430 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Schizophrenia is very complex and â€Å"startling disorder characterized by a broad range of cognitive and emotional dysfunctions† (Barlow Durand, 2015, p. 477). It can greatly impact a person’s life in a negative manner: affecting physical, emotional, relational, and occupational health. The National Institute of Mental Health defines schizophrenia as a â€Å"chronic and severe disorder that affects how a person, think, feels, and acts† (National Institute of Mental Health, n.d., para. 1).

What Is the Importance of Public Administration in Ghana Free Essays

string(187) " for settlements with populations above 15 000 and which are cosmopolitan in character, with urbanisation and management problems, though not of the scale associated with the metropolis\." gStructure of the new local government system The new local government system is made up of a regional coordinating council (RCC) and a four-tier metropolitan and three-tier municipal/DAs structure. Composition of structure The RCC consists of the regional minister as chairman and his deputies, the presiding member of each DA and the district chief executive of each district in the region, two chiefs from the regional house of chiefs and the decentralized ministries without voting rights. A DA consists of the district chief executive,   two thirds of the members directly elected by universal adult suffrage, the members of parliament (MPs) representing constituencies within the district, and not less than 30% of the members appointed by the president in consultation with chiefs and interest groups in the district. We will write a custom essay sample on What Is the Importance of Public Administration in Ghana or any similar topic only for you Order Now The district chief executive is nominated by the president, approved by two-thirds of the members of the DA present and voting, and appointed by the president. The assembly has a presiding member who is elected from among its members by two-thirds of all the members of the assembly. The sub-district structures include: †¢ The sub-metropolitan DCs which consist of not less than 25 and not more than 30 members, made up of all elected members of the assembly in that   sub-metropolitan district and such other persons resident in the sub-metropolitan district appointed by the president. †¢ The urban council consists of not less than 25 and not more than 30 members made up of not more than eight persons elected from among the members of the relevant DA, not more than 12 representatives from the unit committees in the area of authority of the urban council and not more than 10 persons ordinarily resident in the urban area. The zonal council consists of not less than 15 and not more than 20 members made up of not more than five persons elected from among the members of the relevant municipal assembly, not more than 10 representatives from the unit committees and not more than five persons ordinarily resident in the zone. †¢ The town/area councils consis t of not less than 15 and not more than 20 members made up of not more than five persons elected from among the members of the relevant assembly, not more than 10 representatives from the unit committees and not more than five persons ordinarily resident in the town or area. The unit committee consists of not more than 15 persons made up of 10 elected persons ordinarily resident in the unit and not more than five other persons resident in the unit and nominated by the district chief executive, acting   on behalf of the president. Elections to all local government bodies are on a non-partisan basis; the elections are state-sponsored and conducted by the electoral commission. Regional coordinating councils (RCCs) RCCs are established for each of the 10 regions of Ghana. An RCC is an administrative and coordinating rather than a political and policy-making body. Its functions are to: monitor, coordinate and evaluate the performance of the DAs in the region; †¢ monitor the use of all monies allocated to the DAs by any agency of the central government; †¢ review and coordinate public services generally in the region †¢ perform such other functions as may be assigned to it by or under any enactment. Metropolitan/municipal/district assemblies DAs in Ghana are either metropolitan (population over 250 000), municipal (one town assemblies with populations over 95 000) or district (population 75 000 and over. ) There are three metropolitan assemblies, four municipal assemblies and 103 DAs. A metropolitan/municipal/DA is: †¢ created as the pivot of administrative and developmental decision-making in the district and is the basic unit of government administration †¢ assigned with deliberative, legislative as well as executive functions †¢ established as a monolithic structure to which is assigned the responsibility of the totality of government to bring about integration of political, administrative and development support needed to achieve a more equitable allocation of power, wealth and geographically dispersed development in Ghana constituted as the planning authority for the district. Functions of the assemblies These are deliberative, legislative and executive. Section 10(3) of Act 462 lists them as follows: a) be responsible for the overall development of the district and shall ensure the preparation and submission through the regional coordinating council for approval of the development plan to the commission and budget to minister of finance for th e district b) formulate and execute plans, programmes and strategies for the effective mobilization of the resources necessary for the overall development of the district ) promote and support productive activity and social development in the district and remove any obstacles to initiative and development d) initiate programmes for the development of basic infrastructure and provide municipal works and services in the district e) be responsible for the development, improvement and management of human settlements and the environment in the district f) in cooperation with appropriate national and local security agencies, be responsible for the maintenance of security and public safety in the district ) ensure ready access to the courts and public tribunals in the district for the promotion of justice h) initiate, sponsor or carry out such studies as may be necessary for the discharge of any of the functions conferred by this Law or any other enactment perform such other functions as may be provided under any other enactment. Sub-district political/administrative structures These being subordinate bodies of the DAs, they perform functions assigned to them by the instruments setting up by the assemblies or delegated to them by the assemblies. They are constituted by the sub-metropolitan DCs, urban/town/ zonal/area councils, and unit committees. Sub-metropolitan DCs These structures are immediately below the metropolitan assemblies. There are 13 of these structures established by law. These are shown below: This arrangement has been dictated by the complex and peculiar socio-economic, urbanisation and management problems which confront these three metropolis. Urban councils Urban councils are peculiar to settlements of â€Å"ordinary† DAs. They are created for settlements with populations above 15 000 and which are cosmopolitan in character, with urbanisation and management problems, though not of the scale associated with the metropolis. You read "What Is the Importance of Public Administration in Ghana" in category "Papers" Thirty-four of these councils are established by law. Zonal councils The zonal councils are in the â€Å"one-town† municipal assemblies of Cape Coast, New Juaben, Tamale and Tema, for which the establishment of town/area councils will raise problems of parallel administrative structures. There are 108 of such zonal councils for the four municipal assemblies. They are based on the electoral commission’s criteria of: commonality of interest, population of 3000 and identifiable streets, land marks, etc. as boundaries. Sub-Metropolitan District Council under Respective Metropolitan Assemblies Assembly Accra Metropolitan Assembly Kumasi Metropolitan Assembly Shama Ahanta East Metropolitan Assembly Ablekuma Asokwa Sekondi Ashiedu Keteke Bantama Takoradi Okaikwei Manhyia Shama Ayawaso Kpeshie Osu Klottey Subin Town/area councils These are found in the metropolitan assemblies and DAs. In the DAs, town councils are established for settlements with populations between 5000 and 1500. Area councils exist for a number of settlements/villages which are grouped together but whose individual settlements have populations of less than 5000. They cover areas with predominantly rural populations and in some cases can be identified with spheres of influence of a particular traditional authority. They are essentially rallying points of local enthusiasm in support of a new local government system. A unit is normally a settlement or a group of settlements with a population of between 500–1000 in the rural areas, and a higher population (1500) for the urban areas. Unit committees being in close touch with the people play the important roles of education, organization of communal labour, revenue-raising and ensuring environmental cleanliness, registration of births and deaths, implementation and monitoring of self-help projects, among others. Committees of District Assemblies In the performance of its functions, the DA works through the executive committee and its subsidiary committees of development planning, social services, works, finance and administration, and justice and security. Executive committees The functions of the assembly are performed by the executive committee, which is presided over by the district chief executive and consists of not more than onethird of the total number of members of the assembly excluding the presiding member. Heads of departments of the assembly attend the meetings of the relevant sub-committees and advise them on the execution of their functions, but may not vote. A sub-committee can also coopt persons to attend its meetings but also without a vote. The functions performed by the executive committee are to: coordinate plans and programmes of the sub-committees and submit these as comprehensive plans of action to the DA †¢ implement resolutions of the district in collaboration with the office of the DA †¢ oversee the administration of the district in collaboration with the office of the district chief executive †¢ recommend where it considers necessary – in the case of departments outside 364 the supervision of the assembly wh ich are in the district – to the appropriate government ministry/department/agency the appointment and replacement on stated grounds of officers within the area of authority of the assembly adopt measures to develop and execute approved plans of the units, areas and towns and sub-metropolitan districts within the area of authority of the assembly †¢ recommend to the DA the coordination, integration and harmonisation of district development plans and policies. Sub-committees of the executive committee The sub-committees of the executive committee and the functions they perform are shown below: Development planning sub-committee †¢ takes a comprehensive look at the district †¢ identifies the economic resources/potentials of the district †¢ develops an information base on the resources identifies opportunities and constraints for the exploitation of these resources †¢ prepares exploitation and phasing plans and strategies †¢ consults with other sub-committees and the private sector for the implications that the proposed district plan may have on other sub-committees’ plans †¢ submits the plan to the executive committee for harmonisation with other sub-committee plans. Social services sub-committee †¢ takes a comprehensive and long-term look at areas of social development in the district, in particular education, health, social welfare, sports, culture, etc. develops the information base on these areas of social development †¢ prepares a social development plan (long-, medium- and short-term) for the district Sub-Committees of the Executive Committees of the Assembly District Assembly, Executive Committee Development Planning Sub- Committee, Social Services Sub- Committee, Works Sub-committee, Finance Administration, Justice/ Security †¢ identifies the strengths and weaknesses in the social services areas †¢ examines the implications of the social development plan on other sub-sectors of the district economy submits the plans to the executive committee for harmonisation. Works sub-committee The functional areas of the works sub-committee includes roads, electricity, sanitation, water, etc. Within the general framework of Act 462 and the specific functions in the legislative instruments that establish the various assemblies, this sub-committee: †¢ takes a comprehensive look at the infrastructure needs and problems of the district †¢ develops an information base on each of these p rogramme/functional areas †¢ maps out, initiates and phases out programmes for their development and/or provision examines the implications of such actions for the other sub-committee proposals †¢ submits the programmes to the executive committee for harmonisation and action. Finance and administration sub-committee This sub-committee †¢ examines the general financial position of the assembly †¢ examines the revenue mobilisation and expenditure trends of the assembly †¢ maps out strategies to improve revenue mobilisation in the present and sets targets for the future †¢ submits financial plans to the executive committee for harmonisation with other sub-committee plans identifies strategies to ensure judicious utilisation of available resources. Justice and security sub-committee This sub-committee is set up to resolve intra-district and inter-district conflicts and to consider issues that pertain to the enforcement of by-laws of the assembly. To achieve these purposes, the sub-committee: †¢ examines these and other related conflict areas †¢ recommends to the executive committee ways and means to resolve disputes †¢ ensures ready access to the courts and tribunals for the promotion of justice in the district, e. . making sure that premises are available for use by community tribunals and that police logistics are adequate. A DA can form any other sub-committee, depending on the peculiarities of its environment or its area. The committee’s discussed above are, however, mandatory. They can be dissolved and reconstituted but cannot be replaced, for example by a task force. Sub-committees of metropolitan assemblies These and their subject areas are shown in Appendix 2. Boards of metropolitan assemblies For the efficient performance of its functions, a metropolitan assembly has three metropolitan boards: †¢ Metropolitan Planning Board †¢ Board of Metropolitan Works †¢ Board of Administration. The Sub-districts – New Decision-Making points for Poverty Reduction using the Sub-district Development Fund Saboba Introduction At the design stage of DSDA II, an Economic Development Component (Sub-district Development Fund) was suggested as a means to support economic development at the district and sub district levels. An amount of 14. 87 million DKK (US $ 2. 25 million) was earmarked over four years, to support activities of this component. This was designed to reduce poverty through the provision of social infrastructure and improved incomes, while strengthening the institutional and human capacity of the districts and economic stakeholders to manage these resources in an efficient and accountable manner. During the implementation stage a great number of lessons and experiences with regards to the Sub-district Development Fund (SDDF) herein after referred to as the Fund were accumulated and documented. The processes undertaken to reach these are highlighted in this chapter. The Best Practices and Lessons at the Design Stage dentifying and Establishing the Guiding Principles and Objectives Lesson One:Prior to the implementation of the Fund, an exercise was undertaken to establish guiding principles and objectives. The Fund, over the four-year period, operated around a number of principles which comply with the overall framework of Ghana’s decentralisation and poverty reduction programmes and these were: * Broad stakeholder participation in decision making; * Demand-driven;   Need and commitment; *   Viability and ownership; * Equity in resource allocation and targeting; * Decentralised development; and * Local capacity building and sustainability. The objectives which guided the support activities and the developed systems were: * To support social and economic development investments that will serve as catalyst for further economic opportunities in ruru mmunities. * To s trengthen the existing local government structures and institutions to provide services for decentralised development (financial, training, business development, project management, etc).   To enhance local decision making in project selection and implementation involving relevant stakeholders; * To deepen the sense of community ownership and responsibility for projects, especially post delivery operation and maintenance; and * To promote effective monitoring and evaluation of project implementation, utilisation and management for sustainability. Developing Effective Core Strategies and Approaches Lesson Two: For the SDDF, several strategies were developed through broad stakeholder consultation and validation. These consultations culminated in the formulation of specific strategies for implementation. A model strategy for poverty reduction, focusing on economic and social development was developed to guide implementation. In principle, three-tier strategy model proposed the targeting of economic funds towards projects with the highest potential to serve as catalysts for economic growth. Option 1: Regional economic promotion facility located at the regional level to cater for activities that seek to integrate economic development. Option 2: A district economic development policy and promotion facility, to support D As to establish district-based strategies and policy for economic development; and, Option 3: Community economic development facility categorised into: (a)  Ã‚  Ã‚   Economic Associations targeting those engaged in common economic vocations requiring common facilities and services to enhance their production activities; and (b)  Ã‚  Ã‚   Entire communities: where they require a common asset to broaden economic opportunities for all its residents. Each option was allocated a certain percentage of the total funds on the basis of major principles. Stakeholder Consultation and Decisions Lesson Three: Following the formulation of an entry strategy, stakeholders reached agreement on the feasibility of the strategy and made inputs towards owning it. Participating stakeholders included personnel of the Regional Coordinating Council and other regional institutions, personnel of the District Assembly and other district institutions, community level opinion eaders, representatives of women groups and credit/business advisory bodies. These consultations were organised first at the regional level and later at the district level. Involving stakeholders in project conception and inception was found to be critical for purposes of ownership and sustainability. The Best Practices and Lessons at the Implementation Stage At the implementation phase a number of lessons were learnt and some best practices emerged as follows: A Well Defined Impleme ntation Plan and Process Lesson One: The project cycle of the SDDF, was perceived as something beyond a mere list of activities. The processes were defined and shared to ensure their feasibility in relation to anticipated outputs. The instruments to facilitate effective implementation were pre-designed, discussed and modified appropriately. (i) Orientation of beneficiaries on SDDF as an Entry-Strategy: Following stakeholder validation of the economic development model and strategy, detailed orientation sessions in the two regions were organised. How to cite What Is the Importance of Public Administration in Ghana, Papers

Handbook Human Resource Management Practice â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Handbook Human Resource Management Practice? Answer: Introduction Human resource management is one of the major departments in any business organization. This department has a key role to play in ensuring employee satisfaction and enhancing the employee performances in any business organization. My experience of working in an organization is positive. This assignment highlights the role of the HRM department, along with highlighting the roles and responsibilities of the HRM, in ensuring effective workplace practices. The key demographics, as well as the concerns of the employees have also been highlighted. Human resource management The human resource management is defined as the management of the human resources aimed to maximise the employee performances, as well as achieve employee satisfaction (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). The HRM department has a major role to play in ensuring employee satisfaction and employee retention. Moreover, the HRM department efficiently maintains the cross-cultural diversity, and eliminates conflicts among the employees. The HRM department is also responsible to ensure that the workplace is a positive one. The responsibilities of the HRM department include the following: Recruitment and selection: This is one of the most important responsibilities of the HRM department. Attracting the best talent for a vacancy created, along with ensuring rigorous recruitment process and selection ensures that the best skills are chosen for the fulfilment of the organizational goals (Beardwell Thompson, 2014). Training and development: It is important that the training needs of the employees be identified and the adequate training be given, to the employees, to ensure that the employees are well-equipped with the required knowledge and technical skills. Compensation: The compensation and wages of the employees are taken care by the HRM department. The employees with the right skills need to be paid the right amount of money, in order to ensure decrease in the employee turnover. This has a strong significance in the lives of the employees. Maintenance of workplace culture: The positive workplace culture has to be maintained in order to ensure that the employees are able to work successfully, without facing workplace hazards. This had a positive effect on the employees, as they are able to work in peace. Motivation: Another important role of the HRM department is the motivation of the employees. It is important that the employees are successfully motivated, and their needs are fulfilled, in order to ensure employee retention (Brewster, Mayrhofer Morley, 2016). Key demographics and employee concerns Some of the demographic issues and employee concerns are as follows: Cross-cultural issues: The issues between the people of various cultures might arise because of differences in culture among the employees. It is the responsibility f the HRM department in order to ensure that the cross-cultural issues are mitigated. Racial discrimination: Issues of racial discrimination among the employees is a major issue that might be faced. The HRM policies need to be strict enough to mitigate racial discrimination. Lack of motivation: The lack of motivation among the employees will result in increase in the employee turnover rate, which is not desirable for any business organization. The HRM department needs to ensure that the employees are well motivated (Marchington et al., 2016). Abuse: Employees facing abuse is also an important issue, that needs to be taken care by the HRM department. Proactive monitoring of the HRM department will ensure that the abuses among the employees are mitigated References Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Beardwell, J., Thompson, A. (2014).Human resource management: a contemporary approach. Pearson Education. Brewster, C., Mayrhofer, W., Morley, M. (Eds.). (2016).New challenges for European resource management. Springer. Marchington, M., Wilkinson, A., Donnelly, R., Kynighou, A. (2016).Human resource management at work. Kogan Page Publishers.

John Tetzel Essay Example For Students

John Tetzel Essay I am not just any ordinary person that could be found off the streets but a qualified professor who is able to think deep into certain theological issues. My purpose is to be engaged in the in-depth study of theology and generate scholarly debates. With such a credible amount of knowledge in this field of study, I should not be considered a heretic. Let me explain to you, Sir, the rationale behind my 95 Theses, which is basically my attack on the sale of indulgences. My duties as a professor of theology had led me into the serious study of the writings of the apostle Paul as well as the Psalms. It was during this period of my preparation that I found what I had always been seeking for. Prior to this, I had always been troubled by the issue of how peoples souls could be saved. I was obsessed with religion and worried about my own salvation. I came to realize that should God save men and women through his gift of faith, what then were the used of indulgences? I came to realize that the sale of indulgences to ordinary people by papal agents constitutes a form of corruption and would be seen as detrimental to the image of the Church. This is an important and pressing issue especially at a time when the image of the Church had been tarnished by a series of bitter fighting between the Pope and the Emperor. I do not wish to see the papal authority as being labeled a corrupt organization in the name of God. This was basically what I sought to rectify and bring to the attention of the Pope the existence of such a problem. I was appalled that papal agents are persuading credulous men and women to purchase an indulgence. These people are easily tricked by the sales techniques of indulgence sellers, believing that they could buy pardon and that their sins could hence be lessened. I felt very strongly towards this issue and decided to make my views heard to the higher papal authorities. I had written my theses in Latin, a language of the elite and not the commoners, for I had wanted a scholarly debate over this issue. Hence, I had absolutely no intention of causing a general debate over the issue of indulgences. I had hoped for a comprehensive reform from within the church authorities. Although making my points very clear, I tried to avoid any forms of direct attack on the papal authority. My theses were written in a very respectful tone, for I wish not to offend the papal authority. All along, I was instead targeting only John Tetzel for selling indulgences and was under the impression that the Pope had no idea of what Tetzel was doing. I had faith in the Pope that should he had known of the tricks being used to sell indulgences, he would rather let St. Peters fall to the ground rather than build it with such contaminated money. 9 I had never imagined in my wildest dream that the Pope would also be involved in such a controversy. It really disheartened me when I came to realize this at a much later time. I had only sent copies of the theses to my friends in Nuremburg as well as the Catholic theologian Johannes Eck. I had never thought it would have gone out of hand. Had it not been the printing press which had swiftly printed the theses that my friends had sent them to, the issue would not have gotten out of control. I hereby declare again that I had not meant for any public or general debate over the indulgence issue. I did not wish to stir up any major controversy in the church. This was the main reason over which I chose to post my theses in Latin, for it was a language which few know of. I stress that I had intended to open a scholarly debate over this issue, since I am a professor of theology. .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021 , .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021 .postImageUrl , .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021 , .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021:hover , .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021:visited , .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021:active { border:0!important; } .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021:active , .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021 .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf744bc610d9fa97bdd1066c98fbaa021:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Comparing Poems from different cultures EssayI suspect that my teachings had instead been used to promote certain political ends and interests by the papacy and the ambitions of Frederick the Wise. It was Albretcht of Brandenburg who had pushed the panic button and sent copies of my theses to Rome. The Inquisition, who were staffed mainly by Dominicans picked up this issue and began to investigate it. However, I felt that it was an unfair investigation for the very person whom I was attacking, John Tetzel, was a Dominican and he was allowed to join in the investigation! Naturally the Dominicans would take the side of their own people and pass a biased judgment.